​超级碗中场秀制作揭秘

原标题：​超级碗中场秀制作揭秘

超级碗是NFL职业橄榄球大联盟的年度冠军赛，一般在每年1月最后一个或2月第一个星期天举行。超级碗多年来都是全美收视率最高的电视节目之一。根据AC尼尔森的收视调查，平均收视率为40%-60%左右。

2021年度第55届超级碗决赛当地时间7日在坦帕市雷蒙德·詹姆斯体育场落幕，由坦帕湾海盗队(Tampa Bay Buccaneers)和堪萨斯城酋长队(Kansas City Chiefs)争夺美国职业橄榄球大联盟(NFL)的总冠军。除了精彩的橄榄球赛事，中场秀和趣味广告一直是超级碗最大亮点。

如果你还没看过今年的超级碗中场秀，赶紧先来补补课吧。

▲第55届超级碗中场秀全程录像

今年超级碗中场秀的表演嘉宾是来自加拿大的创作型歌手，被称为盆栽哥的The Weeknd。他是世界上最畅销的音乐艺术家之一，已售出超过7500万张唱片，获得了三项格莱美奖，五项美国音乐奖和九项Billboard音乐奖。这次中场秀，他在14分钟里共串烧了7首歌曲。

1.《Starboy》

2.《The Hills》

3.《Can't Feel My Face》/《After Hours》

4. 《I Feel It Coming》

5.《Save Your Tears》

6.《Earned It》

7.《Blinding Lights》

虽然对他这次的表现，大家众说纷纭。我们今天主要还是聚焦在中场秀的制作上。

往年，中场秀巨大的舞台被拆成一块块铺在球场上，数百名工作人员需要在中场休息的时候以最短的时间把舞台组装起来，还要搭建好音响和灯光设备，球迷们则蜂拥到草地上观看这场盛典。今年受到疫情的影响，参与制作的人数受到限制，这一传统也发生了改变，采用提前搭建的形式，舞台在比赛开始前就建在了球场的另一端。

▲这段延时视频展现的是去年超级碗中场秀舞台搭建和恢复的过程，工作人员必须争分夺秒

▲今年的中场秀舞台已事先搭建在球场北侧

▲比赛时（上图）和中场秀时（下图）的舞台示意图

中场秀的电视转播中使用了4个机器人摄像机，大量运动镜头都是通过轨道和伸缩塔来实现的。

▲舞台前方有3个轨道摄像机，图中从右往左我们在下面依次称为CAM1、CAM2和CAM3

▲CAM1是一个带有升降臂的轨道系统，装配NEWTON稳定云台，可以从很低的角度升起，轨道长度36英尺（大约11米）

▲CAM2（右）是一个安装在轨道上的伸缩塔系统， 装配 Nettmann Mini-C稳定云台

▲CAM3也是一个安装在轨道上的伸缩塔系统，装配 NEWTON稳定云台，可升降的高度范围在9到35英寸（约2.74-10.7米）

▲CAM4也是一个伸缩塔系统，装配NEWTON稳定云台，可升降的高度范围在5到11英寸 （约1.5-3.35米）。它被安装在了舞台的最顶处，用来拍摄 盆栽哥的反打镜头

▲上述几台摄像机的控制，通常 摄像师需要手脚并用。他们需要用脚来控制轨道和伸缩塔，比如用一只脚来控制左右运动，另一只控制上下升降；用一只手来控制摄像机的平摇/俯仰，另一只手控制变焦和聚焦。

而舞台内部“迷宫”无限空间内的长镜头设计，非常大胆且有艺术性，相信给大家留下了深刻的印象。狭小的 空间内四面都是镜子和灯， 这个由斯坦尼康完成的镜头，加上广角镜头的畸变，极具冲击力。但这一镜头也令不少观众吐槽太过眩晕，感到不适。

如果你稍加留意，可能会感受到今年半场秀的转播画面多了些电影的质感，这得益于35Live!™多机位系统的使用。简言之，就是用数字电影机和电影镜头来完成电视直播，这一方案将直播的即时性和电影感的画面做了完美的结合。中场秀使用了8台ARRI ALEXA Mini和2台ARRI AMIRA及相应的镜头。比如，前面提到的在“迷宫”中的特写镜头就是装配蔡司8mm超广角镜头的ARRI AMIRA拍摄的。而在球场内那段群舞垂直模糊拉丝的效果则是通过加了条纹滤镜的镜头拍摄舞蹈演员手上的LED装置实现的。

▲电影摄影机和电影镜头在直播中的使用

▲条纹滤镜实现的效果

这场精彩的超级碗中场秀虽然只有14分钟，但却离不开舞美、灯光、音频、视频、转播等部门大量专业的工作和配合，我们也可以从下面这份长长的制作人员名单中一窥这样一个超级节目背后的运作逻辑。

Production Staff

• Executive Producers: Roc Nation
• Executive Producer: Jesse Collins
• Executive in Charge of Production: Dave Meyers
• Director: Hamish Hamilton
• Supervising Producer: Aaron Cooke
• Lighting Designer: Al Gurdon
• Production Designer: Bruce Rodgers
• Line Producers: Laura Paganucci, Chelsea Gonnering, and Phil Sino-Cruz
• Pre-game Producer: Cheryl Alper
• Pre-Game Associate Producer: Carly Vaknin
• Talent Producer: Raphael Burne
• Field Creative Producer: Kristen "KP" Terry
• Producers: Jeannae Rouzan Clay and Dionne Harmon
• Rehearsal Producer: James Merryman
• Finance Director: Chris Covin
• HT Associate Directors: Hayley Collett and Sara Niimi
• PG Associate Director / Production Supervisor: Sophia Bonhomme
• Head Stage Manager: Gary Natoli
• Stage Managers: Jeffry Gitter, Harve Levine, Donna Parker, Tammy Raab, and Karen Tasch Weiss
• Art Directors: Lindsey Breslauer, Maria Garcia, Lily Rodgers, and Shelley Rodgers
• Production Supervisor: Jenny Stanley Kashola
• Site Coordinator: Darian Reynolds
• Production Coordinator: Erin Harding
• DPS Coordinator: Marvin Hickman
• DPS Production Assistant: Alex Gispert
• Rehearsal Coordinator: Zachary Figures
• COVID Management: Catherine Alter, Jake Berkowitz, Katie Karas, Callan Chapman, Chris Chapman, Felicia Chunn, and John Farrentine
• Special Projects Manager: Liz Hart
• Special Projects Coordinator: Nikki Sude
• Charting/Co-Field Director: Jason Olthoff
• Cast Operations: Amanda Bryant and Rachel Wyle
• Coordinator: Gema Interiano
• Talent Manager - Pre-game: Kaya Paulus
• Talent Manager - Halftime: Ylna Edmond
• Dressing Room Coordinator: Zorita Dorsey
• Dressing Room Assistants: Luciana Tagliernie and Brandee Rivers
• Talent Flow: Samara Goldhecht, Samantha Goulet, Christina Mangold, Andrew McDonald, and Marguerite Nguyen
• SAG/FTRA Coordinator: Natassja Komins
• IA/TR Coordinator: Jen Gorenc
• FTM Coordinators: Bryan Ransom and Holly Silber
• Field Direction Manager: Nancy Olthoff
• Field Direction Team: Derek Call, Brian Donnelly, Khalid Freeman, Roshad Gunter, Amy Holt, Jamie Isley, Jamye Olthoff, Loren Picciarelli, Tim Smith, and Neysha Anderson Whiten
• Cast Operations Team: Demetrios Anastasiow, Ryan D'Silva, Adiac Mayorga, and Eddie Pabone
• Production Assistants:
• Backlit: Tullio Bettolo and Jonathan Wampler
• COVID: Carshaun Davenport, Raizza Borja, Tate Colonna, Kyle Comacho, Suzanne Faison, Douglas Freer, Kyle Fritsche, and Andrew Raffelson
• Logistics: Matthew "Blake" Gill, Matthew Sickmiller, Kyle Wilson, and Shawn Zaitlik
• Radio: Joshua Bain
• Power Drafter: Nathan Wilson
• Safety & Risk Control Consultant: Tony Bahno

Graphics Staff

• Screens Producer: Drew Findley
• Screens Content Associate: Dan Efros
• Animator: Kevan Loney

Staging, Rigging & Set

• Staging Supervisor: Tony Hauser
• Head Rigger: Carsten Weiss
• Riggers: Jack Blacketer, Joel Magarian, Jorge Monzon, Joel Olbeira, and Marius Weiss
• Staging Coordinators: Shalah Cave, Scott Chase, Matt Gorenc, Dylan Hauser, Glenn Ingram, and Tony Menditto

All Access

• Manufacturing Design: Erik Eastland
• Project Manager: Thomas Rose
• Supervisor: Timothy Fallon, Jr
• Lead Fab: Fidel Garza
• Programmer: Zack Eastland
• Automation Supervisor: Dale Jewett
• Staging E/M: William Jarvis
• Stage Crew Lead: Jesus Ventura
• Video / Lighting Structure Supervisor: William Spoon
• Rigger: Marc Knowles
• Hydraulics/Staging Technician: Nicholas Berg
• Carpenter: Roger Cabot
• Staging Technician: Christian Davis
• Fabricator/Staging Technician: Julio Rocha

Atomic Design

• Scenic Shop Labor: Matthew Anastasio, Adam Curry, Andrew Good, Brendan Leahy, and Jeremy Yunkin
• Scenic Shop Project Manager: James Rogers

TAIT

• Scenic Shop Labor: Shane Ekis, Josh Levin, Logan Lower, and Emma Reichard

Lighting

• Lighting Directors: Ben Green and Jeff Nellis
• Lighting Directors / Programmers: Mark Humphrey and Eric Marchwinski
• Lead Gaffer: Alen Sisul
• Lead Best Boy: John Cox
• Best Boys: Alex Flores and Dennis Sisul
• Best Boys / Spotlights: Adam Hagin, Mikey Smallman, and Daisy Toledo
• Stadium Lighting: Michael Dodge
• Pre-vis Tech / Systems Tech: Nick Coauette

PRG

• PRG Chief Tech: Robb Minnotte
• PRG Team: Don Burkhart, Megan Flanagan, Morgan Kellum, and Christopher Nye

Broadcast

• Tech Producer: Tim Kubit
• Vision Mixer: Rod Wardell
• Technical Director: Eric Becker
• House PA Mixer: Alex Guessard
• Music FOH Mixer: Dave Natale
• Production Mixer: Tom Holmes
• Monitor Engineer: Tom Pesa
• A2 Lead: Donald "Skip" Kent
• A2s: Shawn King, Justin Miller, and Craig Rovello
• TV PL: Bill Saltzer
• Music Truck EIC: Joel Singer
• Music Truck A2 / Driver: James Goldsmith
• Music Truck: Michael Witzer
• Cameras:
• HH: Robert Del Russo
• Railcams: Kevin French and Shaun Harkins
• Towercam: Jay Kulick
• Stedi Cams: Jeff Latonero and Tore Livia
• PED: Allen Merriweather
• HH/Mini Jib: Jofre Rosero
• Railcam Techs: Rick Compeau, Jonny Harkins, and Brian Sheid
• Camera Engineers: Vince Warburton and Dave West
• Lead Camera Assist: Adam Kirschhoffer
• Camera Assists (local): Joe Boylan, Gabe Napolitan, Brandon Ponticelle, and Willem Van Vark
• Tape / EVS Operator: Mark Katz
• Director of Photography: Emelie Scaminaci
• Editor: Guy Harding
• Assistant Editor: Kari Keavenrich
• Video Control: John "JM" Hurley and Ian Fleisher
• Head Utility: Angel Vazquez
• Utilities: Tony Arpaia, Robert Brown, Kris Chaikowsky, and Joe Shack
• Utility (Fiber): Kit Donovan
• Utility (Fiber - Local): Jim Washburn
• Utilities (Steadi): Austin Rock and John Escudero
• Utilities (Local): Jose Fernandez and Jim Muenstar
• Sweetener: Christian Schrader
• Pro Tools: Ebiut Cervantes
• Tech Supervisor: James Coker
• Denali EIC: Chris Sullivan
• Denali Engineer: Pete Dahlstrom
• Denali Broadcast Facilities Engineers: Joe Heck and Ricky Webb
• Denali Drivers: Albert Gillner, Frank Lewis, and John Samler

Pyro & Special Effects

Pyrotecnico

• COO: Bob Ross
• CEO: Stephen Vitale
• VP of Live Events: Rocco Vitale
• Director of Live Events: Ronald Bleggi
• Designer / Show Producer: Phillip Stewart
• ing Coordinator: Jason Farrell
• Senior Project Manager: Danielle Sawtell
• Project Manager / Show Technician: Ray Anthony Robles
• Warehouse / Show Technicians: Robert (RJ) Racella and Alexander Smith
• Laser Specialist: Jesse Parker
• Technicians: Anthony Amato, Daniel Conrad, Mark Domings, Mark Jones, Jack Kingry, Rey Mangubat, Matthew McCoy, Ryan Merfy, Seth Stiles, Aaron Troutman, Ricardo Valdillez, Bernard Walker, and David Yarbrough
• Facility Managers: Doug Aller and Spencer Lowry
• Warehouse Supervisor: Bob Mays
• Director of Safety & Compliance: Paul Gaffney

LED Masks, Wristbands & Flares

PixMob

• Executive Producer: Sophie Blondeau
• Technical Directors: Christophe Lessard-Drolet and Jacques Vanier
• Pixel Manager: Samantha Lynn Torres

Flying System

Flying By Foy

• Flying System: Jaren Conklin, Daniel McGeough, Joseph McGeough, and Dylan Trujillo

Stage Video & Projection

• LED Technicians: Graham Buttrey, Luke Pilato, Rod Silhanek, Michael Spencer, and Deroy Trace
• Media Server Programmer: Jason Rudolph
• Media Server Technician: Tim Nauss

PA & Monitors

• Project Manager: Paul Liszewski
• Crew Chief: George Schwartz
• Engineer in Charge: Kirk Powell
• Stadium PA Mixer (Game Day Production): Jack Bowling
• A2: Graig Greco
• Compound Manager / Stadium Crew: Peter Baigent
• Rack Room Engineer: Luis Montes De Oca
• RF Engineer: Gary Trenda
• RF Techs: Don Kuser and Kasey Gchachu
• Production Office Manager: Amber Brown and Jim Sanders
• Monitor Lead: David Ingels
• Production Support: Zinnia Harper
• Monitor A2: John Protzko
• Stadium & Monitor Crew: Danny Lane and Bill Brungard
• Stadium Crew / Quad Leader: Dave Caldwell, Jay Helgedalen, and Bryan Kiger
• Staidum PA Optimizer: Scott Harmala
• Entertainment Mix A2: Brian Bednar
• ATK General Manager: Brett Valasek

Talent

The Weeknd

• Manager: Wassim "Sal" Slaiby
• Day-to-Day Manager: Melissa Mahood
• Creative Direction: La Mar Taylor and Es Devlin
• Lighting Director: Jason Baeri
• Choreography: Charm La'Donna
• Tour Manager: Matthew Petroff
• Production Manager: Robert DeCeglio
• Supervisor: Franklin Delacruz
• Audio Engineer: Derek Brenner
• Audio Engineer: Tom Syrowski
• Audio Producer: Brendan O'Brien
• Playback Engineer: Eric White
• Monitor Engineer: Lewis Lowder
• Audio Engineer/Vocal FX: Carl Golembeski
• Videographer: Dylan Coughran
• Makeup: Christine Neull
• Hair/Barber: Daronn Carr
• Wardrobe: Breaunna Trask and Matthew Henson
• Musical Director/Guitar: Patrick Greenaway
• Drums: Richardo Lewis
• Keys/bass: Ledaris Jones
• Backline Tech: Kyle Kanzigg and Bradley Sanders
• Production Assistant: Sara Bennett
• Stage Manager: Chris Wilson and Sean Micheal Kohl
• Dressing Room Assistant: Sean Patrick Murphy Jr.
• Stylist Assistant: Brittany Byrant

National Anthem - Jasmine Sullivan & Eric Church

• Music Director: Adam Blackstone
• Audio: Jaymz Hardy-Martin
• Pro Tools: Danny Chueng

NFL Staff

• Chief Media & Business Officer: Brian Rolapp
• EVP, Club Business & League Events: Peter O'Reilly
• Director, Event Entertainment: Seth Dudowsky
• Sr. Manager, Remote Planning: Ashleigh Wilkes
• Senior Director, Event Operations: Eric Finklestein
• Director, Event Presentation: Tim Tubito
• Vice President, Broadcasting: Onnie Bose and Cathy Yancy
• Senior Director, Broadcasting: Blake Jones
• Producer, Game Presentation: Bob Becker
• Producer, Post Game Show: Michael T. Fiur
• Associate Producer Post Game Show: Jennifer Bretschneider
• Audio: Audiotek
• Camera Rentals: AVS
• Fiber: Apache
• LED: Fuse
• Legal: Roc Nation
• Rigging: Stage Rigging
• Video Trucks: NEP Denali

Roc Nation

• JAY-Z, Desiree Perez, Jana Fleishman

Blue Media

• RJ Orr, Tug Orr, Carlos Aranguren, Shane Furey, Molly Waddington w/ GMR Marketing.

Unions & Guilds

• AFTRA (LA)
• AFM (LA)
• DGA (LA)
• IATSE (Local 600 West)
• IATSE (Local 695)

*CUCTVOB综合编译